Spot the Fake: Large Multimodal Model-Based Synthetic Image Detection with Artifact Explanation

wenjun wu (Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics) · Zichen Wen (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) · Weijia Li (Sun Yat-Sen University) · Conghui He (Shanghai AI Lab) · Yize Chen (University of Washington) · Siwei Wen (Beihang University) · junyan ye (SUN YAT-SEN UNIVERSITY) · Peilin Feng · Hengrui Kang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) · Jiang Wu (Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory)
artifact explanation tasksartificial intelligence generated contentauthenticity assessmentauthenticity classificationcomprehensive datasetdeepfake detectiondetection methodsfine-grained artifact clueshuman interpretabilityimage artifactslarge multimodal modelnatural language explanationssynthetic data complexitysynthetic image detection.synthetic images

With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) technologies, synthetic images have become increasingly prevalent in everyday life, posing new challenges for authenticity assessment and detection. Despite the effectiveness of existing methods in evaluating image authenticity and locating forgeries, these approaches often lack human interpretability and do not fully address the growing complexity of synthetic data. To tackle these challenges, we introduce FakeVLM, a specialized large multimodal model designed for both general synthetic image and DeepFake detection tasks. FakeVLM not only excels in distinguishing real from fake images but also provides clear, natural language explanations for image artifacts, enhancing interpretability. Additionally, we present FakeClue, a comprehensive dataset containing over 100,000 images across seven categories, annotated with fine-grained artifact clues in natural language. FakeVLM demonstrates performance comparable to expert models while eliminating the need for additional classifiers, making it a robust solution for synthetic data detection. Extensive evaluations across multiple datasets confirm the superiority of FakeVLM in both authenticity classification and artifact explanation tasks, setting a new benchmark for synthetic image detection. The code, model weights, and dataset can be found here: https://github.com/opendatalab/FakeVLM.