ShortListing Model: A Streamlined Simplex Diffusion for Discrete Variable Generation

Yuxuan Song (Tsinghua University; Bytedance) · Zhe Zhang (Tsinghua University) · Hao Zhou (Bytedance AI Lab) · Wei-Ying Ma (Tsinghua University) · Jingjing Liu (Microsoft) · Yu Pei (Tsinghua University) · Jingjing Gong (Shanghai Innovation Institute ) · Qiying Yu (Tsinghua University) · Zheng Zhang (ByteDance) · Mingxuan Wang (ByteDance Inc.)
biological sequence designcandidate pruningcharacter-level modelingclassifier-free guidancediscrete variablesdna promoter designgeneration complexitygenerative modelinglarge-vocabulary modelingnatural language processingprotein designscalabilityshortlisting modelsimplex-based diffusion modelunconditional generation

Generative modeling of discrete variables is challenging yet crucial for applications in natural language processing and biological sequence design. We introduce the Shortlisting Model (SLM), a novel simplex-based diffusion model inspired by progressive candidate pruning. SLM operates on simplex centroids, reducing generation complexity and enhancing scalability. Additionally, SLM incorporates a flexible implementation of classifier-free guidance, enhancing unconditional generation performance. Extensive experiments on DNA promoter and enhancer design, protein design, character-level and large-vocabulary language modeling demonstrate the competitive performance and strong potential of SLM. Our code can be found at https://github.com/GenSI-THUAIR/SLM.