The Common Pile v0.1: An 8TB Dataset of Public Domain and Openly Licensed Text

Tom Goldstein (University of Maryland) · Bhavya Kailkhura (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) · A. Feder Cooper (Stanford University) · Shayne Longpre (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Nikhil Kandpal (Department of Computer Science) · Colin Raffel (University of Toronto, Vector Institute and Hugging Face) · Brian Bartoldson (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) · John Kirchenbauer (University of Maryland, College Park) · Aaron Gokaslan (MBZUAI Institute of Foundation Models) · Luca Soldaini (Allen Institute for AI) · Stella Biderman (The Eleutherai Institute) · Brian Lester (Google DeepMind/University of Toronto) · Sebastian Majstorovic (EleutherAI) · Baber Abbasi (EleutherAI) · Enrico Shippole (Teraflop AI) · Aviya Skowron (EleutherAI) · Lintang Sutawika (Carnegie Mellon University) · Alon Albalak (Lila Sciences) · Zhenlin Xu (Boson AI) · Guilherme Penedo (HuggingFace) · Loubna Ben allal (Hugging Face) · Elie Bakouch (Hugging Face) · John Pressman (EleutherAI Institute) · Honglu Fan (Google DeepMind) · Dashiell Stander (EleutherAI) · Guangyu Song (EleutherAI) · Tyler Murray (Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence)
common pilecompetitive performancecomputational budgetsdata collectiondataset curationdiverse domainsethical concernsintellectual property infringementllm pretrainingmodel checkpointsopenly licensed textparameter scalingperformance validationtraining mixture

Large language models (LLMs) are typically trained on enormous quantities of unlicensed text, a practice that has led to scrutiny due to possible intellectual property infringement and ethical concerns. Training LLMs on openly licensed text presents a first step towards addressing these issues, but prior data collection efforts have yielded datasets too small or low-quality to produce performant LLMs. To address this gap, we collect, curate, and release the Common Pile v0.1, an eight terabyte collection of openly licensed text designed for LLM pretraining. The Common Pile comprises content from 30 sources that span diverse domains including research papers, code, books, encyclopedias, educational materials, audio transcripts, and more. Crucially, we validate our efforts by training two 7 billion parameter LLMs on text from the Common Pile: Comma v0.1-1T and Comma v0.1-2T, trained on 1 and 2 trillion tokens respectively. Both models attain competitive performance to LLMs trained on unlicensed text with similar computational budgets, such as Llama 1 and 2 7B. In addition to releasing the Common Pile v0.1 itself, we also release the code used in its creation as well as the training mixture and checkpoints for the Comma v0.1 models.